The American Public School System - 1712 Words

If American schools want meet the needs of the twenty-first century, they must be reinvented. It is not enough to fix the schools; they must be rebuilt in both fundamental and radical ways. The future of the American public school system is significant because the livelihood of an informed and productive citizen is vital to the future of this country. Historically, Americans have strongly asserted the importance of public schools in a democracy and despite the growing hatred for the face value of the school system, public schools remain central to commonwealth in the United States. For over a century, America s public schools have been an essential source of the country s power. Public education has created citizens that became†¦show more content†¦This shows that soon our children will be leading the country, or at the very least voting for who will. Without the skills they will pick up throughout their school career, how will the children know how to rational decisions? It is clear that the economic success of America will be in the hands of the children to an unprecedented extent. It is time to invest in education in order to maintain our American way of life. In the competitive knowledge-based world of the twenty-first century, the education of America s youth will be even more important than ever. More responsibility will be placed on schools because of the growing diversity in classrooms, languages, preparedness, motivation, and the dynamics of the future workplace. Schools also must assume more responsibility because of the increasing enrollment rate. Going into the 1996-1997 school year, there was an all-time high enrollment of 51.7 million students in public schools throughout the entire country (Good 6). Since there are an increasing amount of students and more materials that need to be taught, public schools are more important and have gained more responsibility now than at any previous time. Despite the need to develop youth as ultimately possible, society treats them in nonchalant and irresponsible ways. American schools are currently failing to provide our students with an substantial education. Many public school facilities are out of date, and not prepared to handle the everShow MoreRelatedThe American Public School System960 Words   |  4 Pagescentury, the American public school system was founded and built upon early US colonists’ religious principle and ideologies, which were all a branch or sect of Christianity. The first tax-supported public school in the country in Dedham, Massachusetts was run by Reverend Ralph Wheelock who was a puritan priest. Schools in other parts of the English colonies were run by Jesuits, Catholics, Protestants, Lutherans, and the like. When new territory was claimed from the Native Americans, it was declaredRead MoreThe American Public School System1335 Words   |  6 Pagesto revamp the American public school system is in the hands of the state lawmakers. The Common Cor e State Standards Initiative is the solution to this crisis facing our country today. These standards provide a framework in our public schools to help better prepare students for college. Through the implementation of these standards here in the State of Florida we will be helping bring our young scholars to a globally competitive level where the sky is the limit. The crisis for public education reformRead MoreThe Future Of The American Public School System1344 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica s Schools are to meet the needs of the twenty first century, they must be reinvented. It is not enough to try to fix the schools; they must be reconstructed in both fundamental and radical ways. The school system must be restructured. The future of the American public school system is significant because the maintenance of an informed and productive citizenry is vital to the future of this country. Historically Americans have strongly asserted the importance of public schools in a democracyRead MoreThe Supreme Court On The American Public School System Essay1702 Words   |  7 PagesCourt would look at the First Amendment even until today. Although in this particular instance, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of religion and schools, this new definition of the First Amendment would go on to be used against religion in the American public school system for years to come until it would be almost entirely eradicated from public schools today. While many scholars have written on this case and have taken a stand on whether or not the interpretation is poor or good, they all agreeRead MoreA Free Public School System After The American Revolution826 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States first presented the idea of a free public school system after the American Revolution. In the late 1700s, the first American schools were established in the original thirteen colonies. Later in the 1800 century, African Americans began to have rights for attending public education with some strong boundaries. In Texas, the first law in 1840 established each county to put aside 17,000 acres of land for the construction of public school buildings. Five years later, the Texas constitutionRead MoreThe Corporate Side Of American Public Education And The Reformists Misled Beliefs That The School System1389 Words   |  6 PagesDiane Ravitch explores the corporate side of American public education and the reformists’ misled beliefs that the school system is in crisis. The school reforms in place are disguised as a means of improving public education, when in reality it has become an objective to â€Å"replace public education with a privately managed, free-market system of schooling† (Ravitch, p.4). Diane Ravitch supports her claim that the reformation movement has poor intentions with multiple sources of evidence. AmongRead MoreThe School System Of The United States961 Words   |  4 PagesAgainst Schoo l In a progressively more globalized world that necessitates more effective educational practices, the U.S., once the biggest global force in education, has seen its dominance slowly slip out, and its educational status fall even lower than that of several third-world countries. The decline experienced in American school system academic achievement is not as a result of lack of funding, but as a consequence of the overall educational system watering down. According to Gatto, educatingRead MoreThe Education System Of The American School System961 Words   |  4 Pages Against School In a progressively more globalized world that necessitates more effective educational practices, the U.S., once the biggest global force in education, has seen its dominance slowly slip out, and its educational status fall even lower than that of several third-world countries. The decline experienced in American school system academic achievement is not as a result of lack of funding, but as a consequence of the overall educational system watering down. According to Gatto, educatingRead MoreEssay Will School Vouchers Improve Public Schools?1082 Words   |  5 Pagesan area that American society cannot afford to ignore, as the discussion on voucher schools directly affects our youth, the very foundation of our country. Many cities across the United States have proposed school voucher programs in an effort to improve the education of inner-city children that come from low-income families. However, with this proposition arises certain questions that cannot be avoided. Although proponen ts of school vouchers argue differently, challengers of the system expressly stateRead MoreEssay on Private Schools Will Not Fix the American Education System1422 Words   |  6 PagesPrivate Schools Will Not Fix the American Education System    The American public education system was founded on the radical notion that all members of society should have equal access to education. Also crucial was the notion that a basic common education was essential for a true democracy. This revolutionary system is now in indisputable trouble. Many worry about America’s ability to compete with foreign countries while others address the growing dichotomy between the quality of education in

Diagnosis And Management Of Patients Suffering From...

Abstract Neurophysiology provides a range of important clinical investigations to that aid in the diagnosis and management of patients suffering from neurological disease. This experiment investigates the mechanisms behind two pathologies pertaining to channelopathies and demyelination: epilepsy and multiple sclerosis. This is done using a patch clamp technique, a laboratory technique in electrophysiology that allows the study of single or multiple ion channels in cells. Conditions were simulated using computer software to test the hypothesized mechanism behind epilepsy with understanding that it was due to an increase in the time constant, which would enable frequent neuron activations to occur simultaneously. Manipulations of stimulus impulse in refractory periods had proven this mechanism to be correct. Investigating the basis for multiple sclerosis, it was hypothesized that the cooling of impulse invasions would improve the demyelinated region of an axon by decreasing voltage, which was f ound to be an accurate phenomenon. Introduction Neurophysiological Pathologies: Channelopathies Neurophysiology provides a range of important clinical investigations to that aid in the diagnosis and management of patients suffering from neurological disease. These investigations can be made using the patch clamp technique, a laboratory technique in electrophysiology that allows the study of single or multiple ion channels in cells. Information processing in the brain occursShow MoreRelatedComplex Regional Pain Syndrome ( Cprs ) Essay1713 Words   |  7 Pagessyndrome (CPRS) formerly known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy is an autonomic and central nervous system disease that results in an individual’s experiencing chronic pain (Ferrillo, 2016). Pain usually happens in one or more generalized region of the extremities, such as the arms, hands, legs, or feet, but can also affect other parts of the body. Although the particular origin of the disease is undetermined, the majority of the time CRPS is caused by a significant tra uma; such as a fracture, sprainRead MoreDifference between Dementia, Delirium and Alzheimers1209 Words   |  5 Pagesto confusion or acute confusional state of mind. It can be caused by physical illness or mental illness .delirium is most common in elderly patients. Basically delirium is condition which results in confusion, also includes changes in behavior, thinking, attention and mood. Difference between delirium, dementia and Alzheimer’s disorder: People suffering from dementia are highly susceptible to delirium but dementia should not be confused with delirium. In dementia changes in memory occurs very slowlyRead MoreEssay about What is Parkinsons Disease?1415 Words   |  6 PagesParkinson disease is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting primarily the patient’s motor function. The disease is characterized by rigidity, tremor at rest, bradykinesis, and decreased postural reflexes (Bollinger, Cowan, LaFontaine, Ronai, 2012). Parkinson disease was largely documented and brought to the forefront by James Parkinson, who published an article discussing the condition in 1817 (Lees, 2007). While great strides in understanding and treatment have been made, Parkinson disease is stillRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease Is The Most Common Form Of Dementia1684 Words   |  7 Pages Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, which slowly and steadily impairs the mental function and psychological competence. Even though there is no cure for Alzheimer’s, current treatment patterns and research aim to delay the progression towards dementia and the associated symptoms. The strongest risk factor for this disease is increased age, typically seen in individuals over the age of 65, but it must be noted that Alzheimer’s is not a normal part of the aging process. AlzheimerRead MoreA Case Study of a Patient Suffering with a Long Term Health Problem4890 Words   |  20 Pagesof A Patient Suffering With A Long Term Health Problem The care and management of patients suffering with a long term condition is an integral part of the nurse’s role. With approximately 15 million people in the UK suffering from at least one chronic illness (DoH, 2012), it becomes apparent why the Department of Health (DoH) and the National Health Service (NHS) have had to put in to place advice and guidelines in order that the appropriate measures are taken to ensure that these patients areRead MoreImplement And Monitor Nursing Care For Clients With Chronic Health Problems1427 Words   |  6 Pages INTRODUCTION: Parkinson disease mainly defined as the death of certain brain cells. These brain cells mainly control the body parts movement and the coordination. The disease mainly decrease the mobility which leads difficulty in walking (Medline Plus, 2016). Currently, Parkinson has no known cause which mainly effect people to develop this disease. Many theories tells that there are several factors that are responsible to cause Parkinson disease such as the decline in the productionRead MoreLyme Disease : A Chronic Medical Mystery1429 Words   |  6 PagesLyme Disease: A chronic medical mystery Introduction One of the most common Tick communicable diseases plaguing the United States today is a human transferable infection called Lyme disease, which is spread by Deer Ticks Ixodes scapularis, they are small arthropods often found in wooded areas of eastern United states (Orkin.com â€Å"Deer ticks† accessed may 8 2016); transmission of the infection occurs when an contaminated deerRead MoreA Look At Non Alzheimer s Disease1684 Words   |  7 PagesA Look At Non-Alzheimer’s Disease Dementias By Katie Bergstrom, PA-S ABSTRACT: The most common tendency in assessing patients who display signs of dementia is to evaluate them for Alzheimer’s Disease. This means that Vascular Dementia, Dementia with Lewy Bodies, and Parkinson’s Disease Dementia are conversely overlooked as possible diagnoses. Special attention to clinical presentation and the use of diagnostic tests (such as the MRI) and assessment scales (like the Mini Mental State Exam) aid inRead MoreWhat Is Dementia And Alzheimer s Disease?1311 Words   |  6 Pagesdementia and Alzheimer’s disease? Dementia is a disease that affects mental capabilities in which memory loss is one of the key features of this disease. Memory loss creates difficulty in completing every day tasks. Most people who suffer from the disease need assistance with their activities of daily living. Alzheimer’s disease accounts for 60% to 70% of cases of dementia. It is a long lasting neurodegenerative (progressive damage of the neurological nerve cells) disease that usually starts graduallyRead MoreWrite a Report on the Use of Evidence Based Nursing Within Long Term Conditions (Ltc), Including Personal Reflection on How You Have Recently Used Evidence Based Practice in the Care of a Person with a Long Term Condition.1999 Words   |  8 Pagesevidence based practice in the care of a person with a long term condition. 1. Introduction. 2.1. This report discusses the significance of using evidence based nursing for the treatment and management of long term conditions. It focuses on how evidence based practice influences the patient care and includes personal reflection of caring for a person with a long term condition with experience of using evidence based care. 2. What is evidence based nursing? 3.2. Evidence based

Risk Identification in Crop Farming

Question: Write an essay on the risk identification in crop farming. Answer: Crop farming is a risky business as the farmers are becoming more commercial. The farmers are required to understand the risks to better anticipate with the problems as well as reduces the consequences. The Risk influences the production such as change in the weather as well as frequency of the pests. Using the Simulation Model, the performance of the crop within the regions are predicted where the crops are not grown before or not grown under the optimal conditions. This model also predicts the weather conditions to overcome with the climate and production risks. This report consists of identifying the risks that arise in the crop farming. It also reflects on the classifying the risks, preparing a risk register, risk breakdown structure and work breakdown structure. Further, the identified risks are mitigated using the simulation model for crop farming. Risk Identification Type of Risk Description of the risk Production or Climate Risk Crops performances are dependent on the biological processes that are affected by the weather, pests as well as diseases. Low rainfall leads to low the yields while the heavy rainfall could damage the crops. Equipment Risk The tractor used to produce the crops may breakdown that results into inability to harvest within time. It affects the yields (Parry, Carter, Konijn, 2013). Marketing Risk The change in the price of the farm products affects the supply of the product, demand of the product as well as its production cost. When the farmers are planting the crops, they do not know if the price will be reasonable for their product. In case of the low rainfall, the crops production is reduced and it results into rise of price (Reidsma et al., 2015). Financial Risk It happens when the money is borrowed to investment the business of the crop farm. It causes due to uncertainty concerning the future interests as well as ability to provide fund when required (Sage, 2015). Institutional Risk It arises due to unpredictable changes within the provision of the services from the institutions that maintain the crop farming. Uncertainty of the governmental policies affects the farming includes price support as well as subsidies. The food quality policies to export the crops, rules on the animal waste disposal as well as stage of price maintain payments give a major impact on the farm business. Risk Breakdown Structure Serial Number Risk Breakdown Structure 1.0 Production Risk 1.1 Requirements of the farm products 1.2 Use of technology 1.3 Complexity as well as interfaces 1.4 Performance of the crop farming as well as reliability 1.5 Quality of the products 1.6 Risk of change in weather conditions 1.7 Lack of knowledge of using the simulation model to forecast the weather conditions and drought of the area 2.0 Equipment Risk 2.1 New technology 2.2 New method of testing the equipments 2.3 Breakdown of the equipments 2.4 Back dated use of the equipments 2.5 Lack of maintenance of the farm equipments 3.0 Marketing Risk 3.1 Poor method of forecasting the current market 3.2 Uncertainties in the requirement of the farm products 3.3 Insufficient farm products 3.4 Subcontractor performance 3.5 Change in the rate of interest 3.6 Decline in the security 4 Financial Risk 4.1 Lack of funding for the crop farming 4.2 Uncertainties in the inflation of the firm 4.3 Changes into the rate of the labors working for the farm 4.4 In experiencing the estimators 4.5 Price fluctuation of the commodity 5 Institutional Risk 5.1 Changes in the regulation of food quality regulations to export the crops 5.2 Changes in the governmental policies 5.3 Rise in the level of price support payments Work Breakdown Structure 1.0 Farm planning 1.1 Land survey and acquisition 1.2 Preparation of the land for crop farming 1.3 Estimation of the time required 1.4 Forecasting of the weather 1.5 Research on the market price of the farm products 2.0 Planting of the crops 2.1 Procuring, planting the crops fertilizer, sprays 2.2 Procuring the building materials 2.3 Planting as well as fertilization 2.4 Irrigation as well as cultivation of the farm 2.5 Harvesting of the crop 3.0 Risk Management 3.1 Identifying the risks 3.2 Analyzing the risks 3.3 Risk register and risk classification 3.4 Mitigating the risks using the simulation method 4.0 Development of the farm planning 4.1 Development of the management plans 4.2 Development of the maintenance plans 4.3 Development of the risk management plan 5.0 Implementation of the farm planning 5.1 Visualizing the farm planning within the time frame 5.2 Final review of the plan Conclusion It is concluded that crop farming is a risky business and it causes some of the risks such as production, equipment, marketing, financial as well as institutional risks. Equipment breakdown is also a risk that can fluctuate the market price. Risks are also occurred due to change in the governmental policies. It gives a high impact on the income of the farm. Those risks are identified within the crop farming and it is analyzed using the simulation model. This model is used to assist the decision making process of the farmers. Using the simulation model, the climate risks are mitigated by understanding the probabilistic nature of the information regarding the weather change. It helps to estimate the frequency of the drought events. Lastly, it is required to improve over the operational assessment ability of the crop farming. It is identified that the pre-prediction of the weather conditions help to distinguish the areas where the crop should cultivate as well as harvested. References Parry, M. L., Carter, T. R., Konijn, N. T. (Eds.). (2013).The Impact of Climatic Variations on Agriculture: Volume 1: Assessment in Cool Temperate and Cold Regions. Springer Science Business Media. Reidsma, P., Wolf, J., Kanellopoulos, A., Schaap, B. F., Mandryk, M., Verhagen, J., van Ittersum, M. K. (2015). Climate change impact and adaptation research requires integrated assessment and farming systems analysis: a case study in the Netherlands.Environmental Research Letters,10(4), 045004. Rosenzweig, C., Elliott, J., Deryng, D., Ruane, A. C., Mller, C., Arneth, A., ... Neumann, K. (2014). Assessing agricultural risks of climate change in the 21st century in a global gridded crop model intercomparison.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,111(9), 3268-3273. Sage, A. P. (2015).Risk modeling, assessment, and management. Y. Y. Haimes (Ed.). John Wiley Sons.

Model Thesis On Globalization For Globalism -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Model Thesis On Globalization For Globalism? Answer: Introducation The article helps in analyzing the different factors that has affected the culture. The two factors are immigration along with globalization. Globalization is defined as the system of complex connections among different countries. It happens both in cultural and economic level. It has been identified in the article that globalization has huge effect on working individuals who work for multinational companies. Globalization has profound effect on the culture in other countries (Hay and Marsh 2016). It has been seen that the individual cultures are easily threatened by the globalization factors. The advantages include broadening the minds of individuals and it helps in promoting education. It helps in improving the international relations among different nations (Rao 2015). On the other hand, there are different advantages of globalization that include there has been gap between the rich and poor in the entire competitive market. It has affected the entire global economy that has affec ted the environment. The globalization has affected the good working condition of the workers. Reflection From the article, I have understood that globalization and immigration has huge impact on the culture. I have analyzed that globalization takes place in both cultural and economic level in different countries. In the article, I have seen that the example of Starbucks has been provided wherein globalization not influences the culture by exporting goods and services, but it has effect on individuals working in the different multinational companies. I have analyzed that there are different benefits and disadvantages of globalization wherein it has profound effect of the different cultures of the different companies. I have understood that globalization has helped many organizations in hiring Indian employees with proper training and developmental programs. It has helped in broadening the mind of the individuals in different countries in an effectual manner. I have highlighted the disadvantages in the article that included that it has increased the gap between rich and poor. There have b een different cases wherein employees are complaining about the work pressure and depression. In the article, it has been shown that employees are depressed and they are quitting their jobs due to excessive pressure. References Hay, C. and Marsh, D. eds., 2016.Demystifying globalization. Springer. Rao, R.S., 2015. A University Model Thesis on Globalization for Globalism.International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology,2(04).

Tips and Tricks on How to Focus on Homework

Being tired and annoyed after a long day in school or college is absolutely normal. In such a mood, its hard to motivate and force yourself to start working on your assignments for the next day. Many students cant cope with procrastination looking for the answer to the question â€Å"How to focus better?† and end up using study drugs which is not recommended. Fortunately, we have a few tips that will help you to stop procrastinating, increase your productivity and get to work. Keep reading our article to know more. Find a Comfortable Place Its easy to feel distracted and unfocused when your setting doesnt match the task that you have to complete. Thats why setting the right atmosphere is the first thing you should do when starting working on your assignments. Here are a few things that you need to take care of before you actually start doing your homework: Your working place has to be a desk (or a table) with a comfortable chair. Now, many of you would say â€Å"Whats wrong with doing your homework while lying in bed?† Actually, everything. When you sit or lay on the couch or bed, it relaxes you too much and makes you sleepy. A comfortable table and a chair will be the best option for sitting straight and keeping yourself toned. Open your window to get fresh air. When your brain lacks oxygen, it cant work correctly, so it makes you a slower thinker. Fresh air and deep breathing will help you to keep your mind sharp and avoid headaches. Bring some snacks to your working place. You will probably want to have a snack during this study session, so grab them beforehand. Otherwise, you will have to walk outside the room to grab something to eat, and it will negatively impact your concentration. Staying in the room where you are studying is the best tip on how to concentrate on study continuously for long hours. Find a place where the rest of your family or your mates wont bother you to study. The best option would be a separate room with a door closed. If you have someone at home, ask for privacy and silence. Try to avoid doing your homework in the living room, because it will be much harder to focus with a talk show on TV or chatting family members in the background. The atmosphere and the place you are studying at are very important for setting up the right mood for a cram session and keeping yourself focused. Eliminate Distractions This is the most important and the hardest step. When you need to focus on your assignments – which can be quite boring, lets face it – its hard to keep away from the temptation of using your phone, checking social media and watching TV shows. But you can do that, you just need to follow easy steps: Block your phone or give it to someone while you are learning. It is a simple rule for anyone who wants to succeed in studying – not using your cell phone. To make it easier for you, you can log out of your social media accounts, to turn off the Wi-Fi on your phone or to switch to the airplane mode. This way you wont receive messages, calls or annoying notifications and will be able to stay focused. If you know that you wont be able to keep yourself away from your phone, give it to a parent, a friend or use an app that blocks your screen for a preset time – Flipd, Offtime, etc. Avoid listening to music with lyrics. When you are trying to understand information that you are reading or to formulate a thought that you need to write down, the side noises can hinder. Especially when someone is talking or singing. It happens because your brain is trying to process the information it receives by hearing. If you need some background music, choose some tracks without lyrics. Classical music will do the best. Dont watch TV. It distracts you just like music. Avoid watching it; otherwise, your productivity will severely decrease. All of these tips are great for school and college students who get distracted easily. The less you interrupt your studying process, the more focused you will be while completing homework. Organize Your Time Time management is one of the most essential college skills. If you can productively organize the time you spend on doing your homework, you can change your studying routine and spend less time every day working on another assignment. What does it mean? Time management in studying means that you need to create an action plan first and then follow it without messing the time limits you established. For example, your plan for the evening might be: 3.00  PM – 4.00 PM Math assignment 4.00  PM – 4.30 PM Rest 4.30 PM – 5.30 PM Science assignment 5.30  PM – 6.00 PM Rest 6.00 PM – 7.00 PM Literature assignment 7.00  PM – 8.00 PM Dinner 8.00  PM – 9.00 PM Art assignment As you can see this plan implies an alteration of studying and small 30 minutes breaks to help your brain rest and get ready for the next assignment. You can have snacks, use your phone, listen to music or do some exercises during these breaks. Just give yourself some reward for the amount of work that you completed. You would also be surprised how easily you can manage your time in college. If you set up the schedule for studying at home, it will be easier for you to get to work faster. The mind gets used to certain actions that repeat from day to day. So, just like you are used to going to school in the morning, you will be used to getting to work when the homework time comes. Not everyone can establish such a schedule. But you surely ought to try it. Start with the most time-consuming and challenging assignments. As soon as you get to work, your concentration is much stronger than at the end of studying session. Dedicate the time when you are focused the most to the assignments that require more time and effort. Establish the priority of each assignment that you have to complete. Give the main priority to the assignments that are urgent or value more and start with these tasks. If all of your tasks are important and you don’t have enough time to finish all of them, consider turning to a professional service for help. Cross out finished assignments from the plan – you will see your progress and feel more satisfied with your productivity. Moreover, such a tactic helps boost your motivation to do homework. Dont try to be multitasking. When you try to complete a few assignments at the same time, your concentration gets worse due to the variety of information that your brain needs to process. Focus on one assignment at a time. After finishing it, you can have a break and then start a new assignment. As you can see, the time that you spend on your assignments is as important as the time you give yourself to relax between your study sessions. Such breaks not only help your brain to keep concentration for a long time but also provide you with an opportunity to avoid the temptation as you know that after completing another assignment you can enjoy the things you like – music, social networks, etc. We hope that you found our pieces of advice useful and will feel more focused the next time you have to start your homework assignment.

Estimating lines and angles Essays

Estimating lines and angles Essays Estimating lines and angles Essay Estimating lines and angles Essay We were set a piece of coursework that involved asking people to guess the line and the angle size that were drawn on a piece of paper. We had to collect data, analyse it and then draw up a conclusion. The method- I drew a line on a blank piece of paper and on another blank sheet I drew an angle. I then asked 15 girls and 15 boys from y10 to estimate the line and angle. I didnt know the sizes at this point so that there was no way I could give people any clues. When I collected my data it was randomly stratified. This was because I asked any body in my year that I came across I didnt choose. But it was also stratified in that I made sure I asked 15 boys and 15 girls. This is the table I will use to collect all my results on: The hypotheses- I made three hypotheses and I will try to carry out two of them if I have time. Hypothesis 1: I think that more people will do better at guessing the angle because you can work out 90 degrees and then guess the last bit. Estimating a line is much harder as it is harder to imagine a centimetre or say 15 centimetres. Hypothesis 2: I think that girls will be better at estimating than boys estimate as girls are normally more careful then boys. They will probably take more time to estimate, so there estimate will be more accurate. Hypothesis 3: I think that older people will be better at estimating as they will be wiser and more familiar with estimating lines and angles. Method (continued): I gathered all my results then typed them out on the computer so it could work things out for me. Here are my results: sex age line est. true line diff. % error abs. angle est. true angle diff. % error Abs. f 15 9 8.5 0.5 5.9 5.9 105 122 17 -13.9 13.9 f 15 9 8.5 0.5 5.9 5.9 125 122 -3 2.5 2.5 f 15 10 8.5 1.5 17.6 17.6 120 122 2 -1.6 1.6 m 15 7 8.5 -2 -17.6 17.6 110 122 12 -9.8 9.8 m 15 8 8.5 -1 -5.9 5.9 140 122 -18 14.8 14.8 m 15 6 8.5 -3 -29.4 29.4 162 122 -40 32.8 32.8 m 15 6 8.5 -3 -29.4 29.4 110 122 12 -9.8 9.8 f 15 8 8.5 -1 -5.9 5.9 150 122 -28 23.0 23.0 m 15 7 8.5 -2 -17.6 17.6 160 122 -38 31.1 31.1 m 15 8 8.5 -1 -5.9 5.9 120 122 2 -1.6 1.6 m 15 10 8.5 1.5 17.6 17.6 145 122 -23 18.9 18.9 m 15 7 8.5 -2 -17.6 17.6 160 122 -38 31.1 31.1 f 15 10 8.5 1.5 17.6 17.6 167 122 -45 36.9 36.9 f 15 7 8.5 -2 -17.6 17.6 135 122 -13 10.7 10.7 f 15 7.5 8.5 -1 -11.8 11.8 150 122 -28 23.0 23.0 f 15 7 8.5 -2 -17.6 17.6 150 122 -28 23.0 23.0 m 15 8 8.5 -1 -5.9 5.9 130 122 -8 6.6 6.6 m 15 9 8.5 0.5 5.9 5.9 120 122 2 -1.6 1.6 f 15 9 8.5 0.5 5.9 5.9 115 122 7 -5.7 5.7 f 15 7 8.5 -2 -17.6 17.6 120 122 2 -1.6 1.6 f 15 10 8.5 1.5 17.6 17.6 120 122 2 -1.6 1.6 m 15 11 8.5 2.5 29.4 29.4 140 122 -18 14.8 14.8 m 15 17 8.5 8.5 100.0 100.0 93 122 29 -23.8 23.8 m 15 8.5 8.5 0 0.0 0.0 139 122 -17 13.9 13.9 m 15 6 8.5 -3 -29.4 29.4 145 122 -23 18.9 18.9 m 15 7 8.5 -2 -17.6 17.6 135 122 -13 10.7 10.7 m 15 7.5 8.5 -1 -11.8 11.8 120 122 2 -1.6 1.6 f 15 9 8.5 0.5 5.9 5.9 160 122 -38 31.1 31.1 f 15 12 8.5 3.5 41.2 41.2 125 122 -3 2.5 2.5 f 15 7 8.5 -2 -17.6 17.6 120 122 2 -1.6 1.6 I have included an absolute value of percentage column in my table so I could work out the percentage error correctly. If I just used the percentage error my results wouldnt be accurate. This is because if people guessed below then a minus sign was in the column. These minus signs would cancel out some of the positive numbers when I was working out the average. I then did two graphs for the percentage error of the line and the angle: I can see from these graphs that someone did actually estimate the angle correctly. This was a shock to me as it goes against my hypothesis that it is easier to estimate lines than angles. Many people were close to zero for both the line and the angle. But I didnt think these graphs were very useful as they had different scales so visually they werent very accurate. I worked out the range for both the line and the angle percentage error: Line: 129.4 Angle: 60.7 This supports my first hypothesis, but as it is clear from the graphs there were a few anomalies from both the line and the angle estimates. This could have made the range in accurate. I have done both the results on one graph as well so can see which ones were closer to zero with them both on the same scale: I supported my hypothesis further by calculating the average percentage error for the angle and the line. I did this by using the absolute value columns in my table, here are the results: Line: 18.2 Angle: 14.0 As you can see the average percentage error for the angle was lower than the average percentage error for the line. This does support my hypothesis further and proves people do find it easier to estimate angles than lines. I think the person who estimated the line correctly was just lucky rather than skilled because the line wasnt a whole number so it shouldnt have been easy to estimate. However, it was a simple decimal with it being 5 which is a sensible decimal to estimate. I dont think that the angle wasnt very easy to estimate either as I put it on a slant so that it would be harder to work out 90à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½

MGMT455 U1 IP Theory X & Y Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MGMT455 U1 IP Theory X & Y - Research Paper Example This theory tends to adopt the authoritarian style of management. Whereas, Theory Y assumes that individuals take responsibility and they do not need control and direction on each step, they are active, motivated and consider the work as the natural part of their lives, and are capable of achieving higher goals in their jobs. This theory is considered is the participative style of management. One style cannot be used in all situations. It totally depends on the circumstances and conditions of the environment and employees. The management can be authoritative in some cases and can also be practical in other cases while a mix of both the theories can result better. The practices of Theory Y can turn out with better results as this will develop confidence and courage among the employees to work in a relaxed and a comfortable environment. For-example, well and high structured call center operations can get a certain amount of benefits by allowing their employees to perform and respond to customers on their comfort and knowledge level. So, by adapting to Theory Y practices they can appreciate and encourage the overall knowledge sharing processes. The difference between Theory X and Theory Y management is quite noticeable. In my opinion, the management of Theory Y is much more effective and productive than Theory X, as the authoritarian management of Theory X is much adopted in most of the huge firms and organization and leaves less comfortable environment for the employees, whereas most of the organizations allow participative management of the employees which prefer self motivation and appreciate new ideas from the individuals. Considering Theory Y management, many of the organizations use decision making processes, in which each employee has the opportunity to share his thoughts and ideas. There are basically two major types of democratic decision making, including, persuasive democratic management and consultative

Medical Experiments on Incompetent Individuals in a Society Essay

Medical Experiments on Incompetent Individuals in a Society - Essay Example Many factors are important and need to be taken into consideration while a problem of this intensity is being discussed. The divisions in the society need to be taken into account. Racial differences and how intelligence in different races and societies are assessed is an important aspect of such a debate. One must also assess the question as to who possesses the right to assess the intelligence of people who are to be subjected to medical experiments. What constitutes intelligence also remains an important part of this debate that would decide the future of human society. Much of this debate can be argued to stem from the work of the great naturalist, Charles Darwin, who argued that in a world where the natural resources that is available to everybody is limited, the law of the ‘survival of the fittest’ would be the one that holds (Darwin). ... The fact that such reforms can be brought about or stalled only through the medium of legislation by the executives of nations makes the issue even more complicated. This is because the issue, like the legalization of abortion or animal rights, is an extremely sensitive issue and can create problems for political parties that usually take the decisions of the executive wing of the government of a nation state. Public perceptions are thus, an important part of this debate. An objective approach that brings people from various backgrounds together for negotiations would be the best way to seek a solution for this problem. This should be preceded by campaigns that seek to allay the fears of all sections of the society regarding this matter. This paper shall seek to look at the complexities of the issue at hand and examine the choices that are available to human society as a whole for the purpose of attaining a solution to this problem. The issue of whether people who are in states of co ma where they may not be able to inform others of their assent or dissent to be a part of a certain experiment conducted for the purpose of finding out the efficacy of a certain scientific or medical truth, is a complex one. What constitutes death for such people is a question that has not met with satisfactory answers from philosophers as of yet. People who have died may have, in their wills, decided to donate their bodies for the cause of medical research. The question of death, thus assumes importance in this matter. Also important is the assent of the person involved. In many cultures, the body of a person is considered to be important for the performance of the last

Worst place to work(check attachment) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Worst place to work(check attachment) - Essay Example partment of Asian pearl Seaford restaurant to ensure that each and every worker provides solution to the customers since; it is not just how the restaurant serve the customers, but how a service is delivered to each and every customer (Murphy, 24-32). Asian Pearl Seaford Restaurant should know that when there is an increase to customer satisfaction, which comes as a result of creating an environment where teamwork is a top priority, this translates to exceed sales goals within a complete business cycle. Moreover, the leadership in the restaurant and its management especially the manager should understand that a right leader is a key to a great team and hence; he should be willing to help the employees where necessary through an essence of shoulder to shoulder as a form of morale. Some employees are new and lack experience to tackle customer’s complaints and therefore it is upon the manager to show them the best approach they can use as one way of keeping the customers as well as protecting the dignity of the restaurant at large. Creativity is one term and aspect that plays a role as far as coordination and effective communication is concerned. Effective communication is the backbone of all solution in the industry of service and when you overlook the essence many common problems starts arising. Deploying creativity helps to curb many obvious mistakes and this may be through Creating proper two-way contact policies which help you as a manager avoid staffing, scheduling, reservations, and order as well as catalog problems. Regular staff meetings should be availed to keep everyone on the same folio and review any existing operations in determination of each area where at least two people must work together by a virtue of aid. Once youve identified areas where problems could arise, you can be proactive in finding solutions which in turn translates into customer’s satisfactions and profit maximization in business too. Summarily, dynamics and teamwork must be

Interest of Stakeholders and Copyright Law

Interest of Stakeholders and Copyright Law Introduction Copyright law has been developed into major issue when it comes to the interest between the stakeholders as the technologies today are evolving in decent speed. Copying an intellectual property without the authorisation of the owner is an infringement under the law of United Kingdom and European Union. Under European copyright law, art.2 of Directive 2001/29/EC stated that authors, producers and performers will possess the exclusive right for the reproduction of their own works.[1] However, when it comes to private copying, there is an exception under the directive with certain conditions. This could be said as the balance of the interest between the copyright owner and user of the products. A private copy is defined as any copy for non-commercial purposes neither directly or indirectly by a natural person for personal use.[2] The private copy exception is provided in the art.5(2)b of the DIRECTIVE 2001/29/EC, where Member States may provide for exceptions or limitations to the reproductions on any medium made by a natural person for private use and for ends that are neither directly nor indirectly commercial, the right holders receive fair compensation which takes account of the application or non-application of technological measures referred to in Article 6 to the work or subject-matter concerned; [3] The would permit someone to format shift (i.e. shift content from one format to another); or space-shift (i.e. move content to different personal devices or media); and back-up copies that they have acquired.[4] As a mechanism for fair compensation, 22 out of 27 European Union members have chosen to meet the requirement through a levy system[5] The fair compensation or the levy system of private copying mainly to compensate the copyright owner for the potential harms to their works due to private copying.[6] In Padawan SL v Sociedad General de Autores y Editores de Espana (SGAE), the court held that held that fair compensation is an autonomous concept of EU law which had to be interpreted uniformly in all the Member States that had introduced a private copying exception: although it is open to the Member States, pursuant to Article 5(2)(b) of Directive 2001/29, to introduce a private copying exception to the authors exclusive reproduction right laid down in European Union law, those Member States which make use of that option must provide for the payment of fair compensation to authors affected by the application of that exception. An interpretation according to which Member States which have introduced an identical exception of that kind, provided for by European Union law and including, as set out in recitals 35 and 38 in the preamble thereto the concept of fair compensation as an essential element, are free to determine the limits in an inconsistent and un-harmonised manner which may vary from one Member State to another, would be incompatible with the objective of that directive[7] The exception had to satisfy a three-step-test provided in art.5 of the Directive (also in Art.9.2 of the Berne Convention, Art.10 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty and Art.13 of the TRIPS Agreement).[8] The exception can only be applied in certain special cases which do not conflict with a normal exploitation of the work or other subject-matter and do not unreasonably prejudice the legitimate interests of the right holder.[9] Legislators of Member States must take into account the criteria provided in the test when implementing the exception to the copyright in national legislation.[10] There are still uncertainties in the scope of this exception. When it comes to the second step of the test, the phrase normal exploitation remain as a broad and unclear concept. [11] To prevent most of the infringement of exploitation, the definition of the phrase need to be interpreted in clear and restrictive approach to limit certain range of exploitation of works. reference is often made to the WTO Panels report, in which the criterion of normal exploitation was deemed to involve consideration of the forms of exploitation that currently generate an income for the author as well as those which will be probably important in the future.[12] , it could impose a status quo and prevent any extension of exceptions to new situations unforeseen by the letter of the text, but which could derive from its spirit. On the other hand, reference to future exploitations runs the risk of paralyzing exceptions every time a technical evolution allows to control previously uncontrollable uses, and thus creates new possibilities for exploitation.[13] As concerns the control by right holders of the uses of their works through technical measures, this could even lead, in the long run, to the disappearance of limitations in the digital environment.[14] , a conflict with the normal exploitation can only occur if the author is deprived of a current or potential market of considerable economic and practical importance.[15] One of the issue regarding this point is that art.5(2)(b) didnt expressly state that whether the private copy exception only refer to copies from lawful sources, or involving the copies from illegal sources. Due to this uncertain area, the exception does not actual provide the copyright holders to authorise or prohibit the users from making a private copy. Nonetheless, the uncertainty could not be leading to the meaning of that the provision could demand the copyright holders to tolerate with the infringement of rights within private copy. This issue occurs in Netherland, where the Government of Netherland stated that the source of copy is irrelevant despite it is unlawful. The reason provided by the Government is that mere downloading is not a form of reproducing or making available. However, the Government held that the damages caused by illegal downloading to the copyright holder will be compensated by blank levies. The Government confirmed that only the act of uploading the unlawful content would be considered as an act of infringement, instead of mere downloading the work. The blank levies provided for illegal downloading could seen as protecting the interest of copyright holders as it would be practically impossible to enforce copyrights within the private copy area.[16] However, the legality of the sources of reproduction is matter to private copy exception. Court of Justice of European Union(CJEU) in the case of ACI Adam BV v Stichting de Thuiskopie [17]mentioned that Member States should not permitting private copy exception for any reproductions from unlawful sources as it could lead to negative impact on the functioning of the internal market[18]. In fact, tolerate to the unlawful distribution of illegal works would only legalize the act of infringement and will not minimising the act of illegal downloading. Thus, the CJEU said, art.5(2)(b) seek to ensure the proper functioning of the internal market and ensuring proper support for the dissemination of cultural works.[19] Why illegal downloading from unlawful sources shall not be legalised? First, legalising the act of illegal downloading would promote piracy, which would reduce the sales of the works from lawful sources and contravene the normal exploitation of works. Allowing illegal downloading would put the copyright holders in a position where they have to unreasonably tolerate the act of infringements, and this is clearly discriminating their legitimate interests.[20] To clearly distinguish copying from unlawful sources from private copy exception, the national legislators could achieve it by implementing a condition into the law that prohibit the acts of reproduction from the source that is obviously unlawful. [21] This approach has been taken by certain Member States to clarify the downloading act from unlawful sources not to be recognised as private copy. The German legislator expressly did in his first implementation act of the Directive (s.53(1) of the law of September 13, 2003, also called the first basket). Spain adopted a similar solution in the law of July 7, 2006, stating in Art.31.2 that the reproduction must be made from a legally accessed source to qualify as private copy. [22] Still today, it remains uncertain whether private copying is a mere defence or is actually enforceable against undue restrictions[23]. In fact, even where private copying is statutorily permitted, right holders may foreclose its exercise by relying upon technological protection measures or through licensing terms. To develop this interesting thesis more in detail, as the perspective adopted is mainly an EU one, it would have been interesting to include a discussion on the history behind the drafting of art.5 of the InfoSoc Directive (this is the relevant provision on copyright exceptions and limitations, including private copying).[24] However, the problem with the three-step test is probably to be found elsewhere: in the Directive of 2001. There, the test seems to be addressed not only to the national legislature but also to national judges.36 This gives it a broader scope than in the international conventions.37 Judges may be required to examine whether the application of a limitation in a specific case respects the conditions of Art.5.5. National courts in Europe have already analysed the application of national limitations to copyright in the light of the three-step test.38 Indeed, it is difficult to dispute judicial reliance on the test where it has been implemented in national law.39 The danger of such an approach is obvious: the private copy is at risk of being challenged by judges. Its scope risks dramatic reduction. The decision of February 28, 2006 of the French Supreme Court delivers an outstanding example.40 In this much commentated decision, the Supreme Court applied for the first time Art.5.5 of the directive in order to overcome the application of an exception in favour of a technical protection measure, arguing abstractly and generally that the private copy of a DVD conflicts with the normal exploitation of the work, without providing a definition of this term at any time.41 To avoid such misuse of the test, some guidelines *E.I.P.R. 128 for the judges of how to interpret the test in a more balanced way should urgently be worked out. The Max Planck Institute for Intellectual Property and the Queen Mary University of London jointly put in place a working group of European scholars that are currently working on this issue.42 Private Copy Exception in United Kingdom Copyright law in the United Kingdom has been evolving in recent years and the changes started to get significant since the Gowers Review of 2006 and the Hargreaves Review of 2011, gathering pace with the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013.[25] The report in Hargreaves Review of intellectual property and the digital market in May 2011, recommend that the UK should implement the exception to ensure that the law kept up with digital copyright use.[26] For the first time, the UK legislator had implement the private copy exception into the national law. The exception was introduced by s.28B of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act(CDPA) of 1988. This section of CDPA was enforced on October 1, 2014.[27] The new act implemented only allow copy from lawful sources for private purpose of individual concerned only. This exception does not include the passing of copy to family and friends which was allowed in the Directive. Such an exception would permit people legally to copy any work that they had access to and it would be easy to obtain copies of works without paying for them.[28] As to the narrower implementation, the Government stated that such implementation would cause no more than minimal or zero harm to the copyright holders. Based on this condition, there were no compensation provided for copyright holders in S.28B CDPA by the UK Government.[29] Problem with S.28B of CDPA The exception provided by the Directive allow the passing of copies to family or friend but the exception implemented in UK legislation prohibited such act. Professor Hargreaves suggested the Government should introduce an exception to allow individuals to make copies for their own use and that of their immediate family on different media. Importantly, Professor Hargreaves thought that the question of compensation was wrapped up in the copyright holders freedom to choose an appropriate price: Rights-holders will be free to pursue whatever compensation the market will provide by taking account of consumers freedom to act in this way and by setting prices accordingly.[30] The biggest issue in the S.28B of CDPA is that the fair compensation as provided by the directive is not implemented into the exception. Based on the directive, fair compensation to the copyright holders only could be exempt if the damage caused would be de minimis or minimal. [31]However, the UK Government commissioned a research study and impact assessment that showed the harm that would likely cause to the copyright holders due to the private copying acts permitted in S.28B of CDPA would be minimal. The main reason is that the exception only applies to rightfully acquired copies which the copyright holders would receive the sufficient remuneration at the sales of the works, which the compensation was already priced in.[32] Quashing of S.28B CDPA The exception introduced by UK Government had been challenged after it had been introduced by British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors, Musicians Union and UK Music 2009 Limited. The parties had applied for judicial review on the newly introduced exception on the basis that it failed to provide fair compensation as in the Directive to the copyright holders which would be unlawful.[33] The main issue leads to the quashing of the Regulation is that whether there is evidence of the harm to the copyright holders which would be minimal to determine that compensation scheme is not required as provided by the Regulation.[34] The judge reviewed the evidence provided in Governments Updated Impact Assessment and stated that evidence to prove the harm is minimal do not meet the satisfactory level.[35] The judge also criticised the IPO Research Report provided as evidence that lack of consumer surveys, price analysis and comparative analysis with other Member States.[36] How the Exception Affect the Interest of Stakeholders When it comes to the interest of the copyright holders, we would straight pinpoint to the fair compensation issue. The reproductions of works are getting easier and wider due to advancement of technology. As downloading from unlawful sources would not be considered as private copying, CJEU in its decision in ACI Adam stated that the levy system would not be applied to illegal downloading from unlawful sources.[37] Such development had great impact on certain countries which dont distinguish between lawful and unlawful sources for private copy exception. [38] However, as large part of copies made online from unlawful sources, the levy system should be implemented to compensate such condition as only compensating copies made from lawful resources would left the copyright holders to bear the losses. Copyright holders had to prosecute the users to get remuneration for copies from unlawful sources. Such approach does not balance the interest of copyright holders if the users continue to access the unlawful sources instead of the legal online services provided.[39] Distinguishing illegal downloading from the exception would make the law serves better, but it taken away the minimum damages to be suffered by the copyright holder as online piracy and illegal downloading would not reduce merely due to removing such act from private copy exception. The decease of compensation for copyright holders would not be a reasonable solution as private copying is increasing. The interest of the copyright holders would be harmed due to such limitation instead of getting protected.[40] Recent Development In Entidad de Gestion de Derechos de los Productores Audiovisuales (EGEDA) v Administracion del Estado, the funding scheme of Spanish for private copy exception was criticised by the ECJ, where the court held that the scheme does not guarantee the cost of such compensation would solely bear by the user who made private copy.[41] In Case C-521/11 Amazon.com (11th July 2013) at paragraph [20], in relation to the person who has to pay, the Court confirmed that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦since the provisions of Directive 2001/29 do not expressly address the issue of who is to pay that compensation, the Member States enjoy broad discretion when determining who must discharge that obligation[42] However, the ECJ held that the Copyright Directive shall precludes budgetary scheme such as the scheme established in Spain to work as fair compensation to the copyright holders due to the private copy of their works as such scheme would involve a legal person who did not conduct such reproduction to bear the funding with those who make reproduction of works for private purpose. As the scheme could not guarantee the cost of that fair compensation is ultimately borne solely by the users of who make private copies, it shall not be treated as the fair compensation to the copyright holders even though Member States have the discretion to determine the legal person to bear such obligation.[43] [1] European Competition Law Review 2011 Case Comment Copying levies: moving towards harmonisation? The European Court rules on the concept of fair compensation for rightholders Bill Batchelor Tom Jenkins Matthew Butter [2] International Survey on Private Copying Law Practice 2015 [3] Art. 5(2)b of DIRECTIVE 2001/29/EC [4] Paragraph 91 R. (on the application of British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors) v Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills Queens Bench Division (Administrative Court) [5] https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/310183/ipresearch-faircomp-201110.pdf [6] Entertainment Law Review 2009 Finland: copyright Mikko Manner [7] Paragraph 36 Padawan SL v Sociedad General de Autores y Editores de Espana (SGAE) (C-467/08) [8] European Intellectual Property Review 2008 The answer to the machine should not be the machine: safeguarding the private copy exception in the digital environment Christophe Geiger [9] Art. 5(5) of DIRECTIVE 2001/29/EC [10] Refer to no.8 [11]Refer to no.8 [12] THE ROLE OF THE THREE-STEP TEST IN THE ADAPTATION OF COPYRIGHT LAW TO THE INFORMATION SOCIETY Christophe Geiger [13] In this sense also M. Buydens and S. Dusollier, Les exceptions au droit dauteur : à ©volutions dangereuses: Comm. com. à ©lectr. Sept. 2001, p. 13; J. C. Ginsburg (prec. note 20), p. 48, which underlines the risk that the traditionally free uses, such as for training purposes or parody, be considered as normal exploitations, supposing that right holders manage to implement a profitable collecting system. [14] See also in this sense M. Buydens and S. Dusollier (prec. note 30), p. 12. For more developments, see C. Geiger (prec. note 8), n ° 418 and s. [15] International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law 2006 The private copy exception, an area of freedom (temporarily) preserved in the digital environment Christophe Geiger [16] Entertainment Law Review 2008 Case Comment Netherlands: copyright home copying Diederik Stols [17] ACI Adam BV v Stichting de Thuiskopie [18] Entertainment Law Review 2014 Case Comment Private copying levies, illegal online sources and the private use defence: Case C-435/12 ACI Adam BV v Stichting de Thuiskopie1 Kirsten Toft [19] Refer to no.18 [20] International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law 2015 Case Comment Private copying and downloading from unlawful sources Joao Pedro Quintais [21] Refer to no.8 [22] Refer to no.8 [23] European Intellectual Property Review 2013 Publication Review Private Copying: The Scope of User Freedom in EU Digital Copyright Stavroula Karapapa Reviewed by Eleonora Rosati* [24] [25] Entertainment Law Review 2015 Case Comment You say you want a revolution: judicial review of the UKs private copying exception James Sead Rebecca Pakenham-Walsh [26] European Intellectual Property Review 2015 Case Comment A pause in private copying: judicial review holds the UK private copying exception to be unlawful because there was no evidence to support the decision not to provide compensation to rights holders Joel Smith Heather Newton* [27] s.28B of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act of 1988 [28] Para 71 R. (on the application of British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors) v Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills Queens Bench Division (Administrative Court) [29] European Intellectual Property Review 2015 Case Comment A pause in private copying: judicial review holds the UK private copying exception to be unlawful because there was no evidence to support the decision not to provide compensation to rights holders Joel Smith Heather Newton* [30] Paragraph 53 of R. (on the application of British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors) v Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills Queens Bench Division (Administrative Court) [31] Recital (35) of Directive 2001/29/EC [32] European Intellectual Property Review 2015 A comparative study on the reproduction by natural persons for private use exception to copyright in the UK and France Myriam Otaola Allende* [33] European Intellectual Property Review 2015 Case Comment A pause in private copying: judicial review holds the UK private copying exception to be unlawful because there was no evidence to support the decision not to provide compensation to rights holders Joel Smith Heather Newton* [34] Entertainment Law Review 2015 Case Comment You say you want a revolution: judicial review of the UKs private copying exception James Seadon* Rebecca Pakenham-Walsh [35] European Intellectual Property Review 2015 Case Comment A pause in private copying: judicial review holds the UK private copying e

Al Capone Essay -- essays research papers

Al Capone Al Capone is America's best-known gangster and the single greatest symbol of the collapse of law and order in the United States during the 1920s Prohibition era. Capone had a leading role in the illegal activities that lent Chicago its reputation as a lawless city. Al Capone's mug shot, 1931. Capone was born on January 17, 1899, in Brooklyn, New York. Baptized "Alphonsus Capone," he grew up in a rough neighborhood and was a member of two "kid gangs," the Brooklyn Rippers and the Forty Thieves Juniors. Although he was bright, Capone quit school in the sixth grade at age fourteen. Between scams he was a clerk in a candy store, a pinboy in a bowling alley, and a cutter in a bookbindery. He became part of the notorious Five Points gang in Manhattan and worked in gangster Frankie Yale's Brooklyn dive, the Harvard Inn, as a bouncer and bartender. While working at the Inn, Capone received his infamous facial scars and the resulting nickname "Scar face" when he insulted a patron and was attacked by her brother. In 1918, Capone met an Irish girl named Mary "Mae" Coughlin at a dance. On December 4, 1918, Mae gave birth to their son, Albert "Sonny" Francis. Capone and Mae married that year on December 30. Al Capone Capone's first arrest was on a disorderly conduct charge while he was working for Yale. He also murdered two men while in New York, early testimony to his willingness to kill. In accordance with gangland etiquette, no one admitted to hearing or seeing a thing so Capone was never tried for the murders. After Capone hospitalized a rival gang member, Yale sent him to Chicago to wait until things cooled off. Capone arrived in Chicago in 1919 and moved his family into a house at 7244 South Prairie Avenue. The unpretentious Capone home at 7244 South Prairie Avenue, far from Chicago's Loop and Capone's business headquarters. Capone went to work for Yale's old mentor, John Torrid. Torrid saw Capone's potential, his combination of physical strength and intelligence, and encouraged his portаigаi. Soon Capone was helping Torrid manage his bootlegging business. By mid-1922 Capone ranked as Trio’s number two men and eventually became a full partner in the saloons, gambling houses, and brothels. Al Capone When Torrid was shot by rival gang members and consequently decided to leave... ... spent the rest of his felony sentence in the hospital. On January 6, 1939, his prison term expired and he was transferred to Terminal Island, a Federal Correctional Institution in California, to serve his one-year misdemeanor sentence. He was finally released on November 16, 1939, but still had to pay fines and court costs of $37,617.51. Capone at Comisky Park in 1931, before his conviction. After his release, Capone spent a short time in the hospital. He returned to his home in Palm Island where the rest of his life was relaxed and quiet. His mind and body continued to deteriorate so that he could no longer run the outfit. On January 21, 1947, he had an apoplectic stoke that was probably unrelated to his syphilis. He regained consciousness and began to improve until pneumonia set in on January 24. He died the next day from cardiac arrest. Capone was first buried in Mount Olivet Cemetery in Chicago's far South Side between the graves of his father, Gabriele, and brother, Frank, but in March of 1950 the remains of all three were moved to Mount Carmel Cemetery on the far West Side. Capone’s hitman Louis Bartollo (left) and close friend Phillip D’Agessi. Al Capone Essay -- essays research papers Al Capone Al Capone is America's best-known gangster and the single greatest symbol of the collapse of law and order in the United States during the 1920s Prohibition era. Capone had a leading role in the illegal activities that lent Chicago its reputation as a lawless city. Al Capone's mug shot, 1931. Capone was born on January 17, 1899, in Brooklyn, New York. Baptized "Alphonsus Capone," he grew up in a rough neighborhood and was a member of two "kid gangs," the Brooklyn Rippers and the Forty Thieves Juniors. Although he was bright, Capone quit school in the sixth grade at age fourteen. Between scams he was a clerk in a candy store, a pinboy in a bowling alley, and a cutter in a bookbindery. He became part of the notorious Five Points gang in Manhattan and worked in gangster Frankie Yale's Brooklyn dive, the Harvard Inn, as a bouncer and bartender. While working at the Inn, Capone received his infamous facial scars and the resulting nickname "Scar face" when he insulted a patron and was attacked by her brother. In 1918, Capone met an Irish girl named Mary "Mae" Coughlin at a dance. On December 4, 1918, Mae gave birth to their son, Albert "Sonny" Francis. Capone and Mae married that year on December 30. Al Capone Capone's first arrest was on a disorderly conduct charge while he was working for Yale. He also murdered two men while in New York, early testimony to his willingness to kill. In accordance with gangland etiquette, no one admitted to hearing or seeing a thing so Capone was never tried for the murders. After Capone hospitalized a rival gang member, Yale sent him to Chicago to wait until things cooled off. Capone arrived in Chicago in 1919 and moved his family into a house at 7244 South Prairie Avenue. The unpretentious Capone home at 7244 South Prairie Avenue, far from Chicago's Loop and Capone's business headquarters. Capone went to work for Yale's old mentor, John Torrid. Torrid saw Capone's potential, his combination of physical strength and intelligence, and encouraged his portаigаi. Soon Capone was helping Torrid manage his bootlegging business. By mid-1922 Capone ranked as Trio’s number two men and eventually became a full partner in the saloons, gambling houses, and brothels. Al Capone When Torrid was shot by rival gang members and consequently decided to leave... ... spent the rest of his felony sentence in the hospital. On January 6, 1939, his prison term expired and he was transferred to Terminal Island, a Federal Correctional Institution in California, to serve his one-year misdemeanor sentence. He was finally released on November 16, 1939, but still had to pay fines and court costs of $37,617.51. Capone at Comisky Park in 1931, before his conviction. After his release, Capone spent a short time in the hospital. He returned to his home in Palm Island where the rest of his life was relaxed and quiet. His mind and body continued to deteriorate so that he could no longer run the outfit. On January 21, 1947, he had an apoplectic stoke that was probably unrelated to his syphilis. He regained consciousness and began to improve until pneumonia set in on January 24. He died the next day from cardiac arrest. Capone was first buried in Mount Olivet Cemetery in Chicago's far South Side between the graves of his father, Gabriele, and brother, Frank, but in March of 1950 the remains of all three were moved to Mount Carmel Cemetery on the far West Side. Capone’s hitman Louis Bartollo (left) and close friend Phillip D’Agessi.

Thomson (Easysource) : Development of an E-Procurement System

What business is the organization in? Thomson is a French company, created in 1883, whose headquarters are in Issy les Moulineaux, near Paris. It is specialized in the conception and the manufacturing of digital images and videos systems. The company developed itself in the world to be present in different countries, such as Italy, India, China, Spain, USA, Belgium and UK. It has about 73 000 employees dispatched over 230 sites, including more than 60 factories. Its sites are distributed around 10 countries but the company sells its goods and services to 100 countries.We can also notice that Thomson is a real leader in the innovation system, as it owns 35 000 patents worldwide representing around 6 000 inventions. The group sells its products and services through 4 major brands which are Thomson, RCA, Grass Valley and Technicolor. The 2 last brands allowed the company to take advantage of the digital technology’s global transition In the late 80s and the early 90s, Thomson was dedicated to Electronic oriented activities for both everyone and activities oriented to professional.After different plans of restructuration and reorganization, in 1997, Thomson decided to focus on the production of key components and electronic products (representing about 98% of its turnover). Since 2000, the company opens to the Medias and entertainment industry focusing on creation, management and content distribution. Thomson’s aim is about becoming a leading worldwide group of integrated solutions for media and entertainment industries. In order to gather this goal, Thomson decided to turn to e-procurement in 2001. What products are bought via e-procurement?In order to well understand the company we are going to develop the main purchases operated by the group. We have the production purchases (such as the electronic components, material and so one), that represents 70% of the total purchases. Then, we have the non-production purchases (maintenance, transportation an d so one). Thomson developed its e-procurement system, with EasySource, around this second kind of purchases. Indeed, non- production purchases are divided as follow: oNon-production purchases outside EasySource: Licenses, Guarantees, Customer Marketing, Other. Non-production purchases inside EasySource: oTransport, oEnergy, oSoftware, oIT and Telecoms, oProperty and tenant services, oExternal services, oMarketing, communication and advertising, oManufacturing supply, oInvestment, oTravel oOther So, those non-production purchases are items that are difficult to manage for companies as they are really diversified and need to be well analyzed. As a consequence they are very costly as they need competent people to deal with them and quite a lot of people due to their diversification. That is why Thomson has recourse to e-procurement with EasySource for such purchasesWhat savings were realized? The following shows that the solution at its completion should bring 150 million of euros: Ea sySource allows Thomson to save around 80 million per year. First, we can look at the following table showing us a few results from before and after the use of EasySource by Thomson: â€Å" Before EasySourceAfter EasySource Active suppliers per buyer10050 Percentage of active suppliers approved by the State10,0%100,0% Percentage of purchases generated with small suppliers40,0%10,0% Percentage of transactions via e-commerce3,0%60,0% Percentage of purchases under agreements50,0%95,0%Number of suppliers for indirect purchases360007000 % of indirect suppliers which represent 90% of the total amount of purchases30,0%10,0% † Such data easily show us the great impact that Easysource had on the company. For example the number of active supplier per buyer was divided by 2. Moreover, Transactions via e-commerce went up from 3% to 60%. E-commerce is much more profitable to company as it cost much less than traditional commerce. How were those savings realized? By implementing EasySource , Thomson developed a unique centralized tool for every user that brings important savings for the company.There are 3 main points that explain how those saving were realized. The first one is the control of the purchase condition. Indeed, it is easier to explain et order exactly what you want, avoiding mistakes. You can also negotiate ask to different suppliers and see which one offer you the best program. Then, you have a global improvement of the running. As everything is taking place on a unique platform, it is easier to make sure for example that you can have what needed or to compare the products through different suppliers.Finally, last but not least, the system allows the improvement of the productivity such as the reduction of the number of suppliers. And it make it easier to change of suppliers when findings others more profitable. EasySource was first develop in 2001 and followed 3 steps. The â€Å"Pilot phase† was quick as it wanted to show that the concept was re alistic and would bring many advantages to the company. It was also to see and learn how he system worked. So, Thomson developed the process on 3 key areas (Asia, Europe and America) and enrolled the 10 major suppliers of each of those areas.The second phase was the â€Å"large-scale deployment phase† aiming to develop the solution worldwide. It lead 3 stages at the same time : implementing he concept on 110 sites, massive enrollment of the suppliers while rationalizing and focusing on ad hoc purchasing rather than catalogue purchasing. Finally, the last step was â€Å"the capitalization and user adoption phase† that allow EasySource to become today the common and unique solution for non-production purchases. For this final stage the main point was to convince everyone to use EasySource for their transactions and to improve the use rate per family of product.To conclude all those points allow a better understanding and following of the purchases. In other words, it mea ns a gain about money through the reduction of management costs and the negotiation and validation processes What problems occurred during the implementation process? The major problem faced by the company, while implementing the process, was to catalogue all the suppliers. Indeed, the suppliers for non-production purchases are numerous and complex due to the large panel of family products.Then another problem that occurred was the access to the networks and to Internet. It might was already present on some areas, but it was also needed all over the world where the company is present. So, Thomson had to modernize its network infrastructures, as it was the first trial of some intranet database for the group. Thomson also add to inform both its workforce, suppliers and buyer to its new system. This problem was easily compensated thanks to a strong communication strategy and a real effort to get the portal o be easily used and understood by its users.

How to Calculate Your Heat Index Temperature

How to Calculate Your Heat Index Temperature You check the high temperature to see how hot the day will be. But in summer, theres another temperature besides air temperature thats just as important for knowing how hot you should expect to feel the Heat Index. The Heat Index tells you how hot it feels outdoors and is a good tool for determining how at risk you may be on a given day and time to  heat-related illnesses.  How can you find this summer temperature? There are 3 ways (other than looking at your forecast) to find out what your current Heat Index value is:   look at a Heat Index chart,use a Heat Index weather calculator, orcalculate it by hand using the Heat Index equation. Heres how to do each. Reading a Heat Index Chart Use your favorite weather app, watch your local news, or visit your NWS local page to find the current air temperature and humidity where you live. Write these down.Download this NWS Heat Index chart. Print it in color or open it in a new internet tab.To find the Heat Index temperature, put your finger on your air temperature. Next, run your finger across until you reach your relative humidity value (round to the nearest 5%). The number you stop at is your Heat Index.   The colors on a Heat Index chart tell how likely you are to suffer heat illness at specific Heat Index values. Light yellow areas indicate caution; dark yellow areas, extreme caution; orange areas, danger; and red, extreme danger. Keep in mind that Heat Index values on this chart are for shaded locations. If youre in direct sunlight, it can feel up to 15 F hotter than whats listed. Using a Heat Index Weather Calculator Use your favorite weather app, watch your local news, or visit your NWS local page to find the current air temperature and humidity where you live. (Instead of humidity, you could also use dew point temperature.) Write these down.Go to the online NWS Heat Index Calculator.Enter the values you wrote down into the correct calculator. Be sure to enter your numbers in the correct boxes either Celsius or Fahrenheit!Click calculate. The result will be displayed below in both Fahrenheit and Celcius. Now you know how hot it feels outside! Calculating Heat Index By Hand Use your favorite weather app, watch your local news, or visit your NWS local page to find the current air temperature (in  °F) and humidity (percentage). Write these down.To approximate the heat index value, plug your temperature and humidity values into this equation and solve. Resources Links National Weather Service. What is the heat index? National Weather Service Amarillo, TX. Accessed 30 July 2015.

Criminology Assignment Essays

Criminology Assignment Essays Criminology Assignment Essay Criminology Assignment Essay These reports are inferential in that they are not disclosed to the public but are filed in police records systems for the use of investigators 2. Photographs of known criminals are taken every time an offender is arrested and booked. Explain the importance of taking photographs of known criminals even if they are repeat offenders and their photographs are already on file. 3. Explain what an investigator can do to guard against the pitfalls of working closely with informants. Informing is a dirty business because informants may lie to implicate innocent persons or to exculpate a favored crime partner. Inherent in some forms of snitching is that the snitch trades his or her version of what happened during a crime for immunity to prosecution, a reduced charge, or leniency at the time of sentencing Fill-in 4. The relationship between the victim in homicides and persons who might benefit from the death are the most productive investigative leads. 5. Field Contact Reports record interviews with persons stopped because of their suspicious appearance or actions. 6. The choice of a particular crime to commit and the selection of a method of committing it is the Modus Operandi of a criminal. 7. The distinctive methods used to commit a crime is a Signature. 8. The NCSC system disseminates information to the general public about kidnappers and sexual predators and their vehicles via highway signs, television and radio broadcasts. 9. Wiretapping and electronic eavesdropping are the primary forms of Audio Surveillance. 0. Places or people may be wired for sound and this practice is known as Bugging 11. Consensual electronic surveillance is known as Participant monitor Eng. 12. Contact Surveillance techniques are based on the capability of certain fluorescent preparations to stain a persons hands upon contact and thus offer observable proof of a connection between the stained person and the object under surveillance. 13. Intelligence is t he secret or clandestine collecting and evaluation of information about crime and criminals not normally available to investigators.

Communicating Effectively. Public Relations campaign and effectiveness Assignment

Communicating Effectively. Public Relations campaign and effectiveness of the communication techniques - Assignment Example Creating public relations is not just informing and administering the information flow between the college and the publics. In fact, it is a communication chain that involves and engages the targeted publics in building relationships and binding closely with the organization. Developing successful communication disciplines with the publics will lead the organization to achieve its strategic goals (Bland, Theaker, Wragg, 2005, p. 243). The college also has to ensure that publicity and managing public relations is not the same thing. The event can be publicized in various ways on various mediums but public relations will target specific groups using broad strategic communication capabilities of the organization (Bowdin, Allen, O’Toole, Harris, McDonnel, 2006, p. 122). The students are the customers for the college and they play an important role. Their performance and participation affects the organization’s goals and strategies directly. The students can be reached through various ways of effective communication. The college assembly takes place every week and every student is bound to attend it. The college can announce about the celebration in the assembly where the students are gathered. This is a traditional method of communication but has proven to be effective especially in schools and colleges. The students can also be given formal invitation cards with their names on them. All the students are equally important and it is the college’s duty to ensure every student is invited. Telephone calls can be made to those students who are not present. Telephonic communication is considered an effective communication channel as it supports two way communication (Cornelissen, 2011, p. 56). Announcements would be the most effective to rea ch the students because students are aware that important announcements are made in assemblies, thus they pay attention. The large number of students can be reached quicker and the message can be conveyed face to face. The invitation cards can be given out to students in order of their roll numbers. The parents and families of the students are the beneficiaries of the services of the organization. They are important groups and must be reached for the celebration. The communication channel to be used for them can be formal letters for invitations. These can be sent through the students to their homes. This is also a traditional method of communication in colleges and schools (L’Etang, 2008, p. 75). Mostly, the parents are accessed through their children. However, nowadays many modern and easy methods of communication allow the college officials to connect directly with the parents without consuming much time. For those students’ parents who are not present, the college must post the invitation cards to their homes. This can be the suitable communication channel as the students know that according to the rules and policies of the college, they must handover the invitations to their parents. Strict actions are taken against those who don’t; hence it is believed that communicating via students is an effective way. The board of directors and investors of the organization should be reached through formal communication methods (Diggs-Brown, 2013, p. 421). The most efficient traditional way is to call for meetings. Annual meetings and emergency meetings are often called up and

A Report on Five Internet Sites related to Language Development Essay

A Report on Five Internet Sites related to Language Development - Essay Example the â€Å"new† internet and text messaging form of writing, Crystal adds that Educationalists have their responsibility as well in teaching children which style is appropriate to use for certain â€Å"occasions.† This is a website about researches done regarding the use of online chat to foster written language development of students who are deaf. It is about the efficacy of a strategy used to foster written language development for deaf students. Now, websites such as this one which posts research studies on language development for those who are also disabled is something that is of great value in the educational system. This also sends a message to the educational institutions that students with disablements are also of great importance and that we must also look for ways, research and studies that would further enhance their capacity in terms of education especially the learning and using of their language skills; because even if they are deaf, they still can write and has the potential to be great writers or even researchers. Center for International Business Education and Research (CIBER) Web, hosted by Michigan State University, is all about foreign language development. Although English is the Universal language, the study of language per se is not solely focused on the English language. This website boasts of several topics on the business language in various languages like Korean, German and French to name a few. Intercultural Communication and Business language written in numerous languages is something that is of great help for students and those who are into the business industry. It gives the students and individuals tips and guides as to how to communicated and develop a cross-cultural awareness with the use of the web-based technology. This is a website all about language development. It is filled with bibliographies and topics with a little description below it to make referencing easier and user friendly. Participated by a lot of

Commercial Logic of Acquiring Mandrake Footwear Coursework

Commercial Logic of Acquiring Mandrake Footwear - Coursework Example The decision to make acquisitions is taken by several companies in many parts of the world every now and then. Some of these decisions eventually proof to be vital and profitable while others turn out to be wrong decisions because they result in losses (Olsson, 2001). Fundamentally, the prediction as to whether or not a particular acquisition would be beneficial depends on a number of factors. Among other things, it should be possible to evaluate the commercial logic of the intended acquisition (Patra, Khatik, & Kolhe, 2003). If signals from the evaluation turn out to be bright, then the acquisition could probably be beneficial. In the case of Gear Active acquiring Mandrake Footwear, there are four major themes that can be used in evaluating the commercial logic and viability of the acquisition. These are briefly explained below. Ready Market with existing Customer Base Commercially, an acquisition such as the one Gear Active is seeking to undertake comes with the position whereby th e acquirer has at his disposal, the ready market that the existing company had. They also have access to the existing customers of the companies that they acquired. This is an important commercial value that purchasers can build on as competitive advantages (Roy, 1999). To Gear Active therefore, there is this major advantage in acquiring Mandrake Footwear. Already, Mandrake Footwear has been identified as a major competitor in the footwear industry. The company is also seemingly larger than Gear Active. This means that Mandrake has created a very huge market base that Gear Active would only need to build on. The acquisition would therefore be an opportunity for Gear Active to record massive expansion over a very short period of time. Unlike what would have existed in a merger case, this acquisition would make Gear Active an outright owner of the acquired footwear company and so Gear Active would record a quantitative expansion that would more than double the size of the present stat e company. This expansion shall be in terms of asset capital, market base and customers. Existing Popularity The popularity of a company is an important commercial value that cannot be underestimated in anyway. Many companies have been able to develop their popularity to building a competitive advantage over rivals. Without any doubt, there are companies who have continued to top the chart of revenue makers not because of their present performances but because of the popularity they have created for themselves over the years (Sackmann, Flamholtz, & Bullen, 1989). In the commercial market, it is possible that the popularity of a particular brand of product would make the name of that brand stand for the product that the company manufactures. For example one of NESTLE’s a cocoa drink brands named Milo is so popular in most countries that people who want to purchase cocoa drinks from retailers actually say they are buying Milo even if they are not making specific reference to NE STLE’s product. With such a situation, the possibility that Milo would loss its market value is very low. The same situation applies to Mandrake and Gear Active in this instance. Clearly, the name that Mandrake has gained for its brand is enough for Gear Active to continue building on that name to its advantage. Opportunity to Access New Organizational Culture An organization’s culture is an important element for determining the commercial value and predicting the future success of the company in question (Sandervang, 2000). This is because the organizational culture goes a very long way to determine how the company deals with its customers, suppliers and wholesalers. It also refers to the employee-employer relationship that would go on in the company. These dealings are also very important in determining whether or not a company would succeed (Schmidt, Minssen, 2007). This is because they serve as service values for which these stakeholders would choose one company ov er the other.

Economics Essay Example for Free

Economics Essay The three areas of economics affect an individual both positively and negatively. First, in making decisions, a person often has to decide on tradeoffs because he/she just cannot afford to buy everything that he/she needs. In other words, sacrifices must be made. Economics, after all, is about allocating the resources available to a person which happens to be scarce most of the time. This would mean, for instance, that if one has set aside $10 dollars for chocolates and he/she wants to buy some oranges, the decision would often entail buying less chocolates to enable him/her to buy some oranges. This effect is often interpreted as a negative one because a person has to let go of one want in order to satisfy another desire. This illustration clearly shows that budget constraint plays a major role in decision-making. (Mankiw, 2004) The second area of economics, interaction with others, affects members of society positively because in a free market economy, prices could not just be dictated by producers and sellers without the involvement or say of the consumers. In other words, if the price of a certain commodity proves too expensive, consumers would usually look for cheaper alternatives, thereby causing the demand for the more expensive version to fall. If the 21† colored television set produced by Sony Corporation, for instance, has been priced much higher than the 21† colored television of Philips, chances are that consumers would opt for the television set being sold by Philips because of the lower price. In this case, preference for Sony, which might prove to have a higher quality, could only be expressed by those who have the money, therefore feeling no budgetary constraints. Finally, the workings of the economy could affect an individual both positively and negatively. One instant is when government decides to print and circulate an abnormally high volume of money. This situation forces money to depreciate in value, thereby resulting to inflation. A high level of inflation causes prices to increase because of the additional costs being shouldered by manufacturers owing to the lower value of money. An upside of this situation, however, could be a temporary increase in employment. Because of the availability of money, employers can afford to hire additional workers. (Mankiw, 2004)

Free Nature vs. Nurture Essay -- Biology Genes Science Essays

Nature vs Nurture The exponential growth of scientific and biological knowledge over time has facilitated the genesis of radical fields of specialization, namely biological determinism, sociobiology and eugenics, just to mention a few. The common thread between these fields is this- their proponents collectively postulate that all human traits, including weight, strength, intelligence, aspects of personality such as temperament (aggression for example), criminality and morality, are ultimately determined by the information encoded in DNA. They espouse that "we are who we are" because of our genes solely; that biodiversity in man is ultimately precipitated by phenotypic variations, caused by purely genetic differences, amongst individuals, therefore ostensibly offering little or no gravity to nongenetic factors. Nongenetic factors, generically labelled as the environment, encompass not only the physical, chemical and biological criterion, but also the numerous social and psychological ones that shape our lives as we grow and mature. Can we seriously take the influence of the env... Free Nature vs. Nurture Essay -- Biology Genes Science Essays Nature vs Nurture The exponential growth of scientific and biological knowledge over time has facilitated the genesis of radical fields of specialization, namely biological determinism, sociobiology and eugenics, just to mention a few. The common thread between these fields is this- their proponents collectively postulate that all human traits, including weight, strength, intelligence, aspects of personality such as temperament (aggression for example), criminality and morality, are ultimately determined by the information encoded in DNA. They espouse that "we are who we are" because of our genes solely; that biodiversity in man is ultimately precipitated by phenotypic variations, caused by purely genetic differences, amongst individuals, therefore ostensibly offering little or no gravity to nongenetic factors. Nongenetic factors, generically labelled as the environment, encompass not only the physical, chemical and biological criterion, but also the numerous social and psychological ones that shape our lives as we grow and mature. Can we seriously take the influence of the env...